Ukuhlelwa kwezixhobo zokuhamba kunokwahlulwa kube: kukuhamba kwemitha yevolumetric, ukuhamba kwesantya, ukujikeleza kwemitha ekujolise kuyo, ukuhambisa umbane we-electromagnetic, i-vortex flowmeter, i-rotameter, umahluko we-flowmeter yoxinzelelo, i-ultrmeter flowmeter, imitha yokuhamba kwemitha, njl.
1. Rotameter
I-flowmeter ye-float, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-rotameter, luhlobo lwe-flowmeter yendawo eguqukayo. Kwityhubhu yokuma nkqo ethe nkqo ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, ubunzima be-float yesetyhula yecandelo lomnqamlezo kuthwalwa ngamandla e-hydrodynamic, kwaye i-float inokuba sekhoneni inokuvuka iwele ngokukhululekileyo. Ihamba inyuka isihla phantsi kwentshukumo yokuhamba kwesantya kunye nokuqina, kwaye emva kokulinganisa kunye nobunzima bebhola, idluliselwa kwidayali ukubonisa inqanaba lokuhamba ngokudibana kwemagnethi. Ngokubanzi yahlulwe ngeglasi kunye neerotameter zentsimbi. I-metal rotor flowmeters zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kolu shishino. Imithombo yeendaba etshisayo kunye neepayimitha ezincinci zombhobho, iglasi ihlala isetyenziswa. Ngenxa yokuqaqamba kweglasi, indawo ephambili yolawulo ikwayi-rotor flowmeter eyenziwe ngentsimbi exabisekileyo enje nge-titanium. . Baninzi abenzi bokujikeleza kwemijikelezo yasekhaya, ikakhulu uChengde Kroni (esebenzisa itekhnoloji yaseJamani yeCologne), iKaifeng Instrument Factory, iChongqing Chuanyi, kunye neChangzhou Chengfeng zonke zivelisa iirotameter. Ngenxa yokuchaneka okuphezulu nokuphindaphinda kweerotameter, Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekufumanekeni kokuhamba kweedayimitha zombhobho ezincinci (≤ 200MM).
2. Imitha yokuhamba ngokufanelekileyo
I-flowmeter efanelekileyo yokuhamba yokulinganisa inyathela ukuhamba kolwelo ngokulinganisa umthamo we-metering owenziwe phakathi kwezindlu kunye ne-Rotor. Ngokwendlela eyi-rotor, ukuhamba kweemitha zokuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kubandakanya uhlobo lwamavili esinqeni, uhlobo lwe-scraper, uhlobo lwegiya elliptical njalo njalo. Ukuhamba okufanelekileyo kokuhamba kweemitha zibonakaliswe ngokuchaneka kwemilinganiselo ephezulu, ezinye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.2%; ulwakhiwo olulula noluthembekileyo; ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi; ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokumelana; iimeko ufakelo eliphantsi. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimilinganiselo yeoyile ekrwada kunye nezinye iimveliso zeoyile. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yegear drive, uninzi lombhobho ngowona mngcipheko mkhulu ufihliweyo. Kuyimfuneko ukufakela isihluzi phambi kwesixhobo, esinobomi obulinganiselweyo kwaye ihlala ifuna ukugcinwa. Eyona nto iphambili kwimveliso zasekhaya zezi: IKaifeng Instrument Factory, iAnhui Instrument Factory, njl.
3. Imitha yokuhamba koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo
Uxinzelelo lokwahlulahlula ukuhamba koxinzelelo sisixhobo sokulinganisa esinembali ende yokusetyenziswa kunye nedatha yovavanyo epheleleyo. Yimitha yokuhamba eyenza imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo loxinzelelo olwenziwe ngumbhobho ohamba ngesixhobo sokurhawuzelela ukubonisa inqanaba lokuhamba. Ubumbeko olusisiseko lubunjwe ngesixhobo sokurhabaxa, ipayipi yoxinzelelo yoxinzelelo kunye nokwahlulahlula koxinzelelo. Isixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo kushishino "sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokugungxula" esimiselweyo. Umzekelo, i-orifice esemgangathweni, umlomo, umbhobho we-venturi, ityhubhu ye-venturi. Ngoku isixhobo sokurhwaphiliza, ngakumbi umlinganiso wokuhamba kwemilomo, usiya kumdibaniso, kwaye umatshini wokuhambisa uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo kunye nembuyekezo yeqondo lobushushu zidityaniswe nombhobho, ophucula kakhulu ukuchaneka. Itekhnoloji yetyhubhu yePitot inokusetyenziselwa ukubala isixhobo esirhabaxa kwi-intanethi. Kule mihla, ezinye izixhobo zokugungxula ezingekho mgangathweni zikwasetyenziswa kwimilinganiselo yemizi-mveliso, enje ngeepleyiti ze-orifice eziphindwe kabini, iipleyiti ezijikelezileyo, iipleyiti zonyaka ze-orifice, njl. Ubume besixhobo esisezantsi sokujija silula, kodwa ngenxa yeemfuno zayo eziphakamileyo zokunyamezelana, ubume kunye nokunyamezelana kwendawo, itekhnoloji yokuqhubekeka inzima. Ukuthatha ipleyiti ye-orifice esemgangathweni njengomzekelo, yinxalenye yeplate-enqabileyo enqabileyo, ethambekele ekuguqulweni ngexesha lokulungiswa, kwaye iipleyiti ezinkulu ze-orifice nazo zithambekele ekuguqulweni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ezichaphazela ukuchaneka. Umngxunya woxinzelelo lwesixhobo sokurhabaxa ngokubanzi awukho mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye uya kukhubazeka xa usetyenziswa, oya kuthi uchaphazele ukuchaneka komlinganiso. Ipleyiti ye-orifice esemgangathweni iya kuguqula izinto ezakhiweyo ezinxulumene nomlinganiso (njengama-angles abukhali) ngenxa yokukhuhlana kolwelo ngokuchasene nayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, okuya kunciphisa umlinganiso wokuchaneka.
Nangona ukukhula kweemitha zokuhamba koxinzelelo ngokwahlukileyo kusekutsha, ngophuculo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezinye iindlela zeemitha zokuhamba, kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zokulinganisa ukuhamba kuphuhliso lweshishini, indawo yokuma koxinzelelo lweemitha zokuhamba koxinzelelo kwimilinganiselo yemizi-mveliso ibiyinxalenye Kuthatyathwa indawo yokuhamba phambili, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuhamba okufanelekileyo kweemitha.
4. Isixhobo sokuhamba kombane esisebenza ngombane
Isixhobo sokuhamba sombane siphuhliswa ngokusekwe kumgaqo wokungeniswa kwe-Faraday electromagnetic induction ukulinganisa ukuhamba kwevolthi yokuhamba kolwelo. Ngokomthetho kaFaraday woqheliso lwe-electromagnetic, xa umqhubi esika umgca womazibuthe kumhlaba wamagnetic, i-voltage ebangelwa yenziwa kumqhubi. Ubungakanani bamandla ombane we-elektroniki ahambelana naleyo yomqhubi. Kwintsimi yemagnethi, isantya sentshukumo ethe nkqo kumhlaba wamagnetic ilinganisiwe, emva koko ngokobubanzi bepayipi kunye numahluko ophakathi, iguqulwa ibe kwinqanaba lokuhamba.
Isixhobo sokuhamba sombane kunye nemigaqo yokukhetha: 1) Umbane oza kulinganiswa kufuneka ube lulwelo oluqhubayo okanye oluludaka; 2) Ubungakanani kunye noluhlu, ngokukhethekileyo uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lungaphezulu kwesiqingatha soluhlu olupheleleyo, kwaye inqanaba lokuhamba liphakathi kwe-2-4 yeemitha; 3). Uxinzelelo lokusebenza kufuneka lube ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-flowmeter; 4). Izinto ezahlukeneyo zelining kunye nezinto ze-electrode kufuneka zisetyenziselwe amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kunye neendaba ezonakalisayo.
Ukuchaneka komlinganiso we-flowmeter ye-electromagnetic kusekwe kwimeko apho ulwelo luzele ngumbhobho, kwaye ingxaki yomlinganiso womoya kumbhobho awukasonjululwa kakuhle.
Izinto eziluncedo ze-flowmeters zombane: Akukho nxalenye yokujija, ke ilahleko yoxinzelelo incinci, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuncitshisiwe. Inxulumene kuphela nomndilili wevelocity yolwelo olulinganisiweyo, kwaye uluhlu lomlinganiso lubanzi; eminye imithombo yeendaba inokulinganiswa kuphela emva kokulinganiswa kwamanzi, ngaphandle kokulungiswa, eyona ilungele ukusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokulinganisa ukuhlala. Ngenxa yokuphucuka okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji kunye nezinto zenkqubo, ukuphuculwa okungagungqiyo kozinzo, ulungelelwaniso, ukuchaneka kunye nobomi, kunye nokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kweedayimitha zombhobho, umlinganiso we-solid-liquid-phase-phase media isebenzisa ii-electrode ezinokutshintsha kunye ne-electrode ze-scraper ukusombulula ingxaki. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu (32MPA), ukumelana nokubola (i-anti-acid kunye ne-alkali lining) iingxaki zomlinganiso ophakathi, kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwe-caliber (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3200MM caliber), ukwanda okuqhubekayo ebomini (ngokubanzi kukhulu kuneminyaka eyi-10), i-electromagnetic Iiflowmeters ziya zisetyenziswa kakhulu, indleko zayo zincitshisiwe, kodwa ixabiso lilonke, ngakumbi ixabiso leepayipi ezinkulu, lisephezulu, ke ngoko inendawo ebalulekileyo ekuthengweni kweemitha zokuhamba.
5. I-flowmeter ye-Ultrasonic
I-flowmeter ye-Ultrasonic luhlobo olutsha lwesixhobo sokulinganisa ukuhamba esiye saphuhliswa kumaxesha anamhlanje. Logama ulwelo olunokudlulisa isandi lunokulinganiswa nge-ultrasonic flowmeter; I-flowmeter ye-ultrasonic inokulinganisa ukuhamba kwe-viscosity fluid, i-non-conductive liquid okanye igesi, kunye nomlinganiso wayo Umgaqo wokuhamba kwenqanaba yile: isantya sokusasazeka kwamaza e-ultrasonic kulwelo luya kwahluka ngenqanaba lokuhamba kolwelo olulinganisiweyo. Okwangoku, ii-flowmeters ze-ultrasonic ezichanekileyo ziselilizwe leemveliso zamanye amazwe, ezinje ngeFuji yaseJapan, iKanglechuang yaseMelika; Abavelisi basekhaya bee-flowmeters ze-ultrasonic ikakhulu zibandakanya: iTangshan Meilun, iDalian Xianchao, iWuhan Tailong njalo njalo.
I-Ultrasonic flowmeters zihlala zingasetyenziswanga njengezixhobo zokumisa umlinganiso, kwaye imveliso ayinakumiswa endaweni yayo xa indawo yomlinganiso wesiza yonakele, kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa kwiimeko apho kuvavanywa iiparameter ukukhokela imveliso. Olona ncedo lukhulu lwee-flowmeters ze-ultrasonic kukuba zisetyenziselwa umlinganiso wokuhamba kwemilinganiselo emikhulu (ubukhulu beepayipi ezinkulu kuneemitha ezi-2). Nokuba amanye amanqaku e-metering asetyenziselwa ukuhlala, ukusetyenziswa kokuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-ultrasonic flowmeters kungonga iindleko kwaye kunciphise ukugcinwa.
6. Imitha yokuhamba ngobuninzi
Emva kweminyaka yophando, ityhubhu ebunjiweyo emise okwe-U yaqaliswa okokuqala yinkampani ye-American MICRO-MOTION ngonyaka ka-1977. Yathi yakuphuma le flowmeter, yabonisa ukomelela kwayo. Uncedo lwayo kukuba uphawu lokuhamba kobunzima lunokufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye aluchaphazeleki yimpembelelo yeParameter yomzimba, ukuchaneka yi-± 0.4% yexabiso elilinganisiweyo, kwaye abanye banokufikelela kwi-0.2%. Inokulinganisa iindidi ezininzi zeegesi, ulwelo kunye namatye ahlabayo. Ilungele ngokukodwa ukulinganisa i-petroleum gas kunye negesi yendalo engamanzi kunye neendaba ezisemgangathweni zorhwebo, zongezwa I-flowmeter ye-electromagnetic ayonelanga; kuba ayichaphazeleki kukusasazeka kwesantya sokuhamba kwicala elingasentla, akukho mfuneko yamacandelo emibhobho ethe ngqo ngaphambili nangasemva kwamacala okuhamba. Ukungancedi kukuba i-flowmeter enobunzima inokuchaneka kokulungiswa okuphezulu kwaye ngokubanzi inesiseko esinzima, ke kuyabiza; kuba ichaphazeleka ngokulula kukushukuma kwangaphandle kunye nokuchaneka kuncitshisiwe, nikela ingqalelo kukhetho lwendawo yokufaka kunye nendlela.
7. I-Vortex flowmeter
I-vortex flowmeter, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-vortex flowmeter, yimveliso ephume kuphela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970. Idume kakhulu ukusukela oko yabekwa kwintengiso kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukulinganisa ulwelo, igesi, umphunga kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba. I-vortex flowmeter yi-velocity flowmeter. Isiginali yokuphuma sisiginali yokubonisa ukubetha okanye uphawu lwangoku olulinganayo ngokulinganayo kwinqanaba lokuhamba, kwaye alichaphazeleki bubushushu bamanzi, ukwenziwa koxinzelelo, viscosity kunye noxinano. Isakhiwo silula, akukho zixhobo zihambayo, kwaye into yokufumanisa ayichukumisi ulwelo olulinganiswa. Inempawu zokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nobomi benkonzo ende. Ukungancedi kukuba icandelo elithile lombhobho othe tye liyafuneka ngexesha lofakelo, kwaye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo alunaso isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokungcangcazela kunye neqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Isitalato i-vortex sinee-piezoelectric kunye nohlobo lwe-capacitive. Le yokugqibela inezibonelelo zokumelana neqondo lobushushu kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela, kodwa kuyabiza kakhulu kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umphunga oshushu kakhulu.
8. Ukuhamba kwemitha ekujoliswe kuko
Umgaqo wokulinganisa: Xa kuhamba okuphakathi kwityhubhu yokulinganisa, umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwamandla ayo e-kinetic kunye neplate ekujoliswe kuyo iya kubangela ukufuduka okuncinci kwepleyiti ekujoliswe kuyo, kwaye amandla afunyanisiweyo alingana nomgangatho wokuhamba. Ingalinganisa ukuhamba kwe-ultra-encinci, ukuhamba kwe-ultra-low (0 -0.08M / S), kunye nokuchaneka kunokufikelela kwi-0.2%.
Ixesha Post: Apr-07-2021